NOAA/NMFS/NWFSC/TM11:Table 8.

U.S. Dept Commerce/NOAA/NMFS/NWFSC/Publications

Table 8. Aluminum (Al), iron (Fe), and chromium (Cr) ratios in stomach contents of gray whales and in suspended particulate matter and surface sediment

Gray whale stomach contents
			Al	:	Fe x 10	:	Cr x 1000

	CRC 334		1	:	7.2	:	1.8
	GLR 101		1	:	8.7	:	5.7
	CRC 332		1	:	19	:	1.3
	CRC 397		1	:	7.2	:	1.8
	CRC 398		1	:	na	:	0.9
	CRC 401		1	:	na	:	2.6
	CRC 402		1	:	na	:	0.6
		mean ± standard error			12 ± 3.8		1.9 ± 0.7
Suspended particulate matter
	Duwamish River (Feely et al. 1983)		1	:	7.4	:	1.1
	North Pacific (Feely et al. 1981)		1	:	7.6	:	1.8
	North Atlantic (Eggimann and Betzer 1976)		1	:	7.7	:	na
		mean ± standard error			7.6 ± 0.1		1.4 ± 0.4
Surface Sediment
	Duwamish River (Feely et al. 1983)		1	:	6.6	:	1.2
	Elliot Bay		1	:	5.3	:	1.2
	Columbia River at Astoria		1	:	5.4	:	0.6
	Port Angeles		1	:	5.4	:	1.3
	Henderson Inlet		1	:	6.8	:	1.6
		mean ± standard error			5.9 ± 0.3		1.2 ± 0.2

na - the element was not determined for this sample

Table 9. Summary of results of analysis of variance (ANOVA) of the effects of A) stranding site, B) the sex of the whale, and C) the year of the stranding, as appropriate, on the concentrations (wet weight basis) of selected CHs in blubber, liver, and stomach contents of gray whales. The values (P) are the levels of significance for each factor. Differences were considered significant at P < 0.05.^a

Analyte\Factor	Stranding site
		ANOVA significance (P) level
		Blubber (n = 20)^b
Analyte\Factors		Stranding site	Sex of animal	Year of stranding

hexachlorobenzene		0.46	0.32	0.22
The sum of chlordanes		0.46	0.09	0.23
dieldrin		0.72	0.16	0.38
mirex		0.64	0.01^c	0.34
The sum of DDEs		0.14	0.01^c	0.08
The sum of DDDs		0.56	0.32	0.17
The sum of DDTs		0.35	0.01^c	0.32
The sum of PCBs		0.34	0.07	0.20

	Liver (n = 10)^d


hexachlorobenzene	0.10
The sum of chlordanes	0.18
dieldrin	0.18
mirex	0.32
The sum of DDEs	0.15
The sum of DDDs	0.07
The sum of DDTs>	0.65
The sum of PCBs	0.33

	Stomach contents (n = 8)^d

Analyte\Factor	Stranding site

hexachlorobenzene	0.59
The sum of chlordanes	0.55
dieldrin	0.41
mirex>	0.26
The sum of DDEs	0.56
The sum of DDDs	0.80
The sum of DDTs	e
The sum of PCBs	0.60

^a Data were log-transformed (log (x+1)) to reduce heteroscedasticity in the variances.
^b The Alaska whales were deleted from the data base because the sex of these animals was not known.
^c Concentrations were greater in males than in females.
^d Included data for all samples regardless of the sex of the whale for one-way ANOVA with the factor being the stranding site.
^e No statistical analysis was performed because the concentrations of The sum of DDTs were below the limit of detection in most of the whales (Table 5).

Table 10. Summary of results of analysis of variance (ANOVA) of the effects of stranding site on the concentrations (dry weight basis) of selected elements in liver, kidney, and stomach contents of male gray whales. The values (P) are the levels of significance for each factor. Differences were considered significant at P < 0.05.^a

		ANOVA significance (P) level Liver (n = 7)
		Stranding site

aluminum		0.32
cadmium		0.11
chromium		0.27
lead		0.51
selenium		0.31
copper		0.99
mercury		0.81
barium

		Kidney (n = 7)
		Stranding site

aluminum		0.80
cadmium		0.70
chromium		0.43
lead		0.87
selenium		0.07
copper		0.47
mercury		b
barium

		Stomach Contents (n = 7)
		Stranding site

aluminum		0.49
cadmium		0.72
chromium		0.75
lead		0.01
selenium		0.56
copper		0.99
mercury		0.34
barium		b

^a Data were log-transformed (log (x+1)) to reduce heteroscedasticity in the variances. The analyses were done with only data from male whales because only one sample of liver was available from female whales. ^b Statistical analyses were not possible because n < 2.