Large–scale Ocean and Atmospheric Indicators

Local and Regional Physical Indicators

Local Biological Indicators

Indicators Under Development

Introduction to Pacific Northwest Oceanography

Ocean Sampling Methods

Basin–Scale Winds

Wind stress over the northeast Pacific is measured from the Quickscat satellite.  Monthly average winds showed conditions favorable to upwelling as early as January 2007.  This is a positive indicator and the chief cause for improved ocean conditions observed in winter and spring 2007 (Figure 30). 

	Figure 30.	Wind stress vectors measured by the Quickscat satellite (arrowheads point in the direction that the winds are blowing).  Most of the California Current has been experiencing equatorward winds (and upwelling) since January 2007.  Data courtesy of Frank Schwing (NOAA/NMFS/SWFSC/ERD).