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HAB
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Harmful algal bloom.
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habitat
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The immediate space where an animal or plant lives and has food, water, and protection. Habitat loss, which includes the destruction, degradation, or fragmentation of habitats, is the primary cause of decreasing biodiversity.
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HACCP
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Hazard analysis critical control point.
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HAH
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High molecular weight aromatic hydrocarbon, also halogenic aromatic hydrocarbon. See also LAH.
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hatchery
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An artificial propagation facility designed to produce fish for harvest or spawning escapement. A conservation hatchery differs from a production hatchery in that it specifically seeks to supplement or restore naturally spawning populations. Salmon hatcheries typically spawn adults in captivity and raise the resulting progeny in freshwater for release into the natural environment. In some cases, fertilized eggs are outplanted (usually in hatch boxes), but it is more common to release fry (young juveniles) or smolts (juveniles that are physiologically prepared to undergo migration into salt water).
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herbivore
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A plant-eating animal. Sea urchins are a good example of a marine herbivore as they feed on kelp. See also heterotroph and primary consumer.
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hermaphrodite
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An animal that has both male and female reproductive organs. Nudibranchs (sea slugs) are a good example of an hermaphrodite.
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heterotroph
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An organism that is unable to synthesize organic compounds (and thus its energy) from the environment and therefore fulfils its energy requirements by feeding on other organisms or organic matter. See also herbivore; compare autotroph.
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HGMP
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Hatchery and genetic management plan.
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histopathology
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The microscopic study of disease in tissue.
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HMS
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Highly migratory species. The Highly Migratory Species Management Division of NMFS develops fishery policies designed to manage any highly migratory species (e.g., tuna species, marlin, oceanic sharks, sailfishes, and swordfish) fishery that is within the geographical authority of more than one fishery management council.
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homogeneous
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Similar or uniform structure or composition throughout.
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hormone
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A chemical created in one organ by the endocrine system and transported by the bloodstream to other organs, where it has a stimulating effect.
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HPA
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Hydraulic project approval.
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HTRQ
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Hours to reach quota. A measure of fishing efficiency.
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